As far as I know (never had that situation) this does not work. The game will "end" and get patched. I don't even know how it should work in another way. But you can at least restart your console without loosing those states, but I don't know how it behaves with console-updates.
Maybe you want to turn off automatic updates. But as soon as an update is available, the game normally asks you if you want to patch it or run it "offline".
I'm in the delta-preview channel (to many updates in the other channels and sometime bugs that prevent games from starting). This is already rolled out there for quite some time. I even saw a few games that were in quick-resume state, I haven't played for month ^^ (ah.. that could actually mean, that quick-resume is normally "firmwareupdate safe")
Well,
xbox wire just writes something about may update. So it might not be out for everyone, as those updates get released in waves.