I've wondered about that.Halo 4 had some once in a while, like... between doors.
Mainline Halo has always had every object cast 1 shadow, parallel-projected in the dominant light direction. As long as the light is baked into the lightmap, it should "cast a shadow" whenever it's dominant.
There have been exceptions in cutscene lighting (i.e. there's a very obvious shadow-casting flashlight in ODST when they find Virgil), but then Halo 4 has these weird spots in gameplay with alternate shenanigans happening, and it doesn't seem like it always makes sense.