In a study of biotech firms, for example, we found close to a fifty-fifty male/female division among the scientists (Carré and Rayman et al., 1999;Eaton, 1999). When we interviewed some of these employees, most of whom had been post-docs at a university and had expected to have an academic career, they told us that they preferred the biotech environment because there they could do their scientific work with proper support without having to fight for tenure, or to worry about where the next grant is coming from.
And though the men also reported this feeling, it came more often from the women. The pace, they said, was different and the focus was clearer, which made it easier to combine work with family....
Hence the rules and practices, both formal and informal, that currently exist in research universities, may sooner or later prevent them from recruiting the best available talent. It is particularly important, therefore, that the university presidents, at the meeting we had, set out as one of their goals that no faculty member should be disadvantaged by having a family. We need to model a better life for our students if we want to attract the best of them to the academy.