Well if nvidia can run a .13 micron part with 222million transistors @ 400 mhz ATi ought to be able to get a 160-180 million transistor part to run at 500mhz on the .13 micron process. Surely ATi was able to manage 380mhz with a 110 million transistor chip on the .15 micron process. I think though that the 16 pipeline variety of the R420 will be over 200 million transistors. ATi has a history of making cooler running processors compared to nVidia at the same process and relatively same transistor count but in this case they might be running into some limitations and implement similar cooling a la nVidia, maybe.