In reference to Sony's debt.
42 billion USD in current liabilities
54.5 billion USD in long term liabilities
Sony has 135 billion in assets if its debt was as low as 12.5 billion, Sony market cap would be alot higher than 30 billion. Its share price would be in the $100 range not in the $30 dollar range. Sony is about 100 billion in debt but even in good times (pre PS3) their level of debt ranged in the 60-70 billion area.
You're quoting liabilities, not debt, and using the terms interchangeably (which I gather because you end your post with 60-70 billion 'debt.')
Liabilities are *not* the same as debt - how does this notion promulgate? This is verbatim from their financials:
Short Term Debt - 4,567.73 (so $4.5B)
Long Term Debt - 6,683.68 ($6.6B)
That's that. If we're going to talk about 'debt,' that's the debt. Sony carries their insurance/banking arms' numbers on their balance sheet, which is a *huge* part of the assets and liabilities we see play out here on the balance sheet, and is completely the norm for a financial institution. Other liabilities and assets include accounts receivable/payable, pension burdens/overages (burden in this case), etc etc. Some of them have an effect on the future, but they do not fall under the traditional debt servicing aspect that one talks about when they are talking 'debt.' It's debt servicing we are - or should be - concerned about here, because it's that day to day, month to month servicing that impacts earnings on a normal basis.
I don't think stock prices are a conversation worth having either - no one can say what a company should or should not be worth; the best one can do is look at an industry, derive historical valuation norms and give it a go. Even then, forward-looking performance has so much more to do with it than the balance sheet itself at any given point in time. To whit: if I were going to be using Sony's stock price as a factor in this argument, I would say it's up roughly 100% since March and say - "they must be doing well!" But that would be disingenuous of me, because they were artificially low due to global tumult to begin with, and their recovery was bound to occur. But so to is it that I say... let's not bother to try and derive sense from stock price figures and say that it is an indicator of anything other than the whimsy of the market at any given time. Sony is going through a tough period, their profitss are down, currency plays are against them -
that's why the stock is valued as it is, not because of their liabilities vs assets. As the balance sheet goes, watchers would like a stronger cash position for the reason that they don't want Sony having to issue debt/raise cash in an environment that has been hostile to such moves of late, though it's gotten better recently.
ExxonMobile has ~$115B in liabilities. They are the most profitable company in the world in absolute terms unless I'm mistaken. They have ~$9.5B in debt. Do people see the difference between debt and liabilities? Liabilities does not equal money you owe to a bondholder, and assets do not equal cash you have in the bank. Cash equals cash, debt equals debt.