Chalnoth said:In response to this post here, I (for once) decided to go ahead and reply in a different thread instead of going further off-topic. So in response to Druga Runda's post, I'd like to quantify why I think we're the only intelligent life in the galaxy at the current time.
First of all, bear in mind that I am only claiming that we are most likely the only intelligent life in our galaxy at present: I'm sure there are other galaxies out there somewhere that are inhabited by intelligent life.
Now, on to the argument.
First, consider the span of time required for a civilization to go from inception to space travel. In the case of the Earth, this is likely to be a few tens of thousands of years (roughly 30k or so years). Now, imagine such a civilization that has advanced to the point where it can detect and colonize nearby planets that are not habited by intelligent life (we may be capable of such in a couple hundred years, if not much sooner). We might imagine that such a civilization can reach said planet, colonize it, and grow to the point where it can send its own colony out again within 1000 years.
So, if we imagine that every habited planet in the above civilization founds a new colony every thousand years, and if there were a habitable planet around every single star in the galaxy (about 200 billion stars), such a civilization could colonize every star in our galaxy within 38,000 years.
Thus, total time from initial civilization to colonization of galaxy: roughly 60,000-70,000 years.
That is an absurdly miniscule timescale compared to the time scales that lead up to the evolution of intelligence.
Oh I've given a pretty interesting holistic hypothesis dealing with that. In essence the "secret/key to immortality"6. We will have solved the mystery of aging.
Considering we expect to be able to detect habitable planets within a few years, I find this supposition rather hard to accept.Fred said:The exponential increase in colonization argument has its flaws. For instance the premise that you can send out a colony ship to colonize 'some random' nearby star's planets. Well the most probably situation is that you very well have no idea which star has habitable planets, much less have one that is reasonably close to your nearby home star. Its not inconceivable that civilizations have perished searching for a new home.
Well, my point is that they cannot have, or we wouldn't be here. What I'm saying is that another civilization needs only a miniscule head start to have gotten here by now, if another exists. That headstart is, at most, around a million years. This is a miniscule number because it is small compared to geologic time.Its also not clear why and how such civilizations would be given a massive headstart over say the earth (the timescale argument), since older stars have a much less favorable habitat profiles. In fact if you look at the odds properly, its much more probable that you find a civilization that is still in their unicellular phase of evolution, much less one that has the need to depart from its home star (where they might conceivably be able to survive for ~2-3billion years on avg)
Fred said:The exponential increase in colonization argument has its flaws. For instance the premise that you can send out a colony ship to colonize 'some random' nearby star's planets. Well the most probably situation is that you very well have no idea which star has habitable planets, much less have one that is reasonably close to your nearby home star. Its not inconceivable that civilizations have perished searching for a new home.
Its also not clear why and how such civilizations would be given a massive headstart over say the earth (the timescale argument), since older stars have a much less favorable habitat profiles. In fact if you look at the odds properly, its much more probable that you find a civilization that is still in their unicellular phase of evolution, much less one that has the need to depart from its home star (where they might conceivably be able to survive for ~2-3billion years on avg)
Theres also the obvious 'is colonization even possible' argument. The raw materials and physics necessary for interstellar travel is by no means guarenteed to be possible.
Anyway I for one think its quite possible we are the only ones in this galaxy at least, but its by no means obvious.
50,000 years ago the Earth would have appeared exactly the same as it would appear today from an observer far away. The Earth would have appeared to be habitable for at least the past few hundred million years. For example, we now believe that the first land plants evolved about 700 million years ago. It may possibly have taken at least land plants to really change the Earth's atmosphere, or it may have happened earlier just from algae in the ocean. But either way, by 500 million years ago, the Earth would have very likely appeared just as habitable as it does today.Neeyik said:The Earth has, of course, not remained constant over time and 50,000 years ago it would have appeared quite inhospitable.
... to a human, or other Earth creature. Or perhaps to other lifeforms that prefer the same environmental conditions. In other words: to life as we know it. Which is my point.Chalnoth said:50,000 years ago the Earth would have appeared exactly the same as it would appear today from an observer far away. The Earth would have appeared to be habitable for at least the past few hundred million years. For example, we now believe that the first land plants evolved about 700 million years ago. It may possibly have taken at least land plants to really change the Earth's atmosphere, or it may have happened earlier just from algae in the ocean. But either way, by 500 million years ago, the Earth would have very likely appeared just as habitable as it does today.
Well around that period ago, there was an "ice age" - I dare say given the vast number of potential planets to exist on, an species capable of interstellar travel would be rather picky about which ones to inhabit.Chalnoth said:50,000 years ago the Earth would have appeared exactly the same as it would appear today from an observer far away.
I'd be rather surprised if our planet during an ice age would look very different at all from far away. Remember that most of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean, and that is the characteristic that signals habitability. That wouldn't have been any different.Neeyik said:Well around that period ago, there was an "ice age" - I dare say given the vast number of potential planets to exist on, an species capable of interstellar travel would be rather picky about which ones to inhabit.
Bear in mind that it's still an exponential expansion: once one planet is colonized, it will want to colonize other planets, and so on. Given this simple fact, it's not going to change the timescales that greatly.Fred said:If they take a random walk through the galaxy, the timescales increase significantly, moreover its not clear to me that we would be able to detect habitable planets precisely.
A better question is does it make sense not to colonize? If we don't colonize other planets, we are going to die out at some point. Colonization is the only way for us to survive in the (very) long run.There is also the question of whether it even makes sense to colonize.
That's a narrow view, but is probably correct. If you look at probabilities, then it's unlikely that another intelligient species is currently colonizing the galaxy but hasn't yet reached Earth. Also, it's unlikely that another intelligient species has yet developed space travel. But, one thing that you haven't considered is the possibility of another intelligient species having gone extinct before colonizing the galaxy. The galaxy is roughly 15 billion years old. If we make the assumption that life can only develop in the remains of a supernova (for the creation of heavier elements) then it seems possible that another intelligent species could have evolved in that time, as the large stars that likely formed initially would have consumed their fuel very fast.Chalnoth said:So this is what I'm suggesting is the case with our galaxy as a whole: if there were other intelligent life in our own galaxy, I claim that our galaxy is too small for it to have taken more than a million or so years to colonize. Since that time scale is so small compared to the age of the Earth (~5 billion years), or to the amount of time any life has existed on the planet (~3 billion years), or even to the amount of time that complex life has existed (~1 billion years), it is exceedingly unlikely that such a society would have advanced before us.
So the reason that we're having this argument at all is simply because no other intelligent civilization has yet evolved. This actually doesn't necessarily state that intelligent life is rare, it might be exceedingly common. But if we weren't the first, we wouldn't be here.
Fred said:If they take a random walk through the galaxy, the timescales increase significantly, moreover its not clear to me that we would be able to detect habitable planets precisely. At best you can infer planets or moons of the right mass range, and presumably detect the presence of certain key elements (like oxygen), but beyond that theres still a lot of room. For instance, habitable day night cycles require the right planetary precession and orbital tilt, and I very much doubt you can infer that from distant observation conclusively. (I seem to recall you also can only infer the mass of binary planets/stars when they are in precise occlusion relative to our line of sight, so called occluding binaries)
There is also the question of whether it even makes sense to colonize. After all interstellar travel at say 1% of C for a longterm space voyage of a suitably large colonization force is an unimaginably large undertaking with requisite energies that are collosal. One wonders if it wouldn't be more efficient to simply use that energy range to say, change your planets orbit as the local stellar conditions change.
Perhaps. But if intelligent life is common in the galaxy, then this argument requires that these life forms killing themselves off must be far more common, something which I am unwilling to accept.OpenGL guy said:Given how easy it would be for humans to make ourselves extinct, it's possible other life forms have already done so.
The desire to spread is entirely a cultural one. And it is only natural that those cultures that want to spread themselves are going to become the ones that come to prominence. Any full planet is bound to have many diverse cultures.xbdestroya said:You make the assumption that 'once a planet is colonized' said life would want to colonize other planets, but the logic used to go from a to b is based in large part on the idea that they actually have some interest in spreading and multiplying their numbers. They may not.