horvendile said:
DemoCoder said:
Kyoto is not a "small cost".
Other countries have succeeded in introducing significant CO2 saving measures, and it turned out that it wasn't expensive. On the contrary, it
a) Generated new jobs through the research
b) Saved costs by lowering energy usage.
Irrelevent. Other countries are not the US. It matters not that Lichtenstein could meet their targets. The original Kyoto required the US to reduce levels to 7% of those in 1990 by 2008-2012. (EU had target of 8%, Japan 6%). However, the US had unprecedented economic growth in the 1990s leading a rise of 14% in CO2, so that now going back to to those levels by 2008-2012 would require a devastating hit to our economy. There is no technological fix for this to be done in 5 years without severe consequences.
Moreover, the very nature of some cultures and geography of their country make it easier to take the cuts. Japan is a country whose population is highly compressed to the exteriors of its islands, making a rail based transportation network highly efficient, and a generation that has been raised on trains. And like France and Germany, Japan produces much if its energy from the cleanest energy source: Nuclear power.
Simply getting rid of SUVs and making cars 20% more efficient here wouldn't meet our Kyoto targets. We can't build any more nuclear energy plants because of the anti-nuke environmental hysteria, the layout of US population just isn't good for taking the train to work, and the culture doesn't like taking public transport anyways.
There is no way we can make the cuts so quickly without drastic social engineering and civil engineering. You can't replace the coal plants with wind and solar over 5 years, etc etc
The problem of reducing US emissions to 7% below 1990 levels is much harder. Because Japan and Europe had lukewarm economies in the 90s, they didn't have as far to go.
Moreover, the largest producer of CO2 in the US is the transportation industry, primarily trucks. Transportation maps directly to economic growth. The more demand, the more stuff gets shipped. It is not likely that transportation trucks are going to be made that much more efficient, and it is also unlikely that we will build a national freight hauling railroad in 5-9 years that can haul freight everywhere trucks can, e.g. to the local supermarket.
The US is simply in a worse position, and needs more time to make the changes. The Kyoto treaty accepts the "principle of differentiation" when it comes to asking people to make different cuts, it should also recognize the difficulty of making those cuts, and allow a much more gradual, longer reduction period.