PCIe x1 provides 25W, but only 10W for low profile cards. Since a high-powered USB 3.0 device may draw as much as 900mA, it needs 4.5W. Two ports would be 9W. If you add the power requirement for the host controller chip, it's fairly close and may be problematic if the motherboard failed to provide a stable 10W power supply. That's probably why it has an external power connector.
If you use it on a normal motherboard (instead of a low profile system), it'd be able to provide 25W and you should be fine without the external power.