There is the C++ standards committee, and they release an official standard which tells you the definition for compilers and I guess the standard library. I guess they need the standard library to be the same across operating systems/platforms, so there is a definition for that as well to meet the 23 standard. The funny thing is, you have to buy the piece of shit which is wild to me. I haven't used C++ in a long time, and it looks a lot different now, at least if you're using all the new stuff. Honestly would never pick it back up again. I'd be way more likely to pick up Rust, Odin, Zig, Nim if I wanted something compiled with static typing. Rust is still really interesting to me. I played around with it two or three years ago. My only worry about it is they keep adding new features to the language and in ten years it might be a total mess. I like the idea of long-term stable languages that don't change.